2005年8月15日，时任浙江省委书记的习近平在余村首次提出“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念，既为余村从“石头经济”向“绿色经济”蜕变指明方向，也为中国生态文明建设提供理论支撑。“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念将环境保护从“成本负担”升华为“战略资产”，深刻揭示生态保护与经济发展的辩证关系，形成坚定不移走生态优先、绿色发展之路，促进经济社会发展全面绿色转型，加快推进人与自然和谐共生的现代化的绿色发展观，成为习近平生态文明思想的经典论断。
为学习贯彻习近平生态文明思想，贯彻落实党的二十届三中全会精神，丝路国际智库、西南医科大学、丝路百科杂志社等机构组建编委会，邀请有关部门、科研院所、行业商协会、企事业单位的专家担任编委，编写出版《2025年绿色发展报告》（75.5万字中英文版，社会科学文献出版社出版），于2025年8月15日在中国北京和泰国曼谷同步发布《2025年绿色发展报告》，召开“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念提出20周年研讨会，组织成果发布、专家发言、案例推荐、联谊交流、合作对接等活动。
出席《2025年绿色发展报告》北京发布会暨“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念提出20周年研讨会的嘉宾有：全国政协常委、教科卫体委员会副主任尚勇，社会科学文献出版社总编辑耿显家，中国市场经济研究会原会长、中央党校马克思主义理论教研部原主任周为民，中央文化和旅游管理干部学院原副院长隋吉林，西南医科大学副校长周翔宇，中国环境报社原总编辑刘树国，中国预防青少年犯罪研究会原秘书长路琦，武汉大学经济与管理学院副院长刘林青，中华环保联合会副秘书长、《中华环境》杂志社社长李瑞东，鄂尔多斯市林草局党组成员、副局长李海光，全国公共文化发展中心基层服务处处长陈移兵，人民日报社《中国城市报》“碳”索之路组委会秘书长张超南，泛华集团副总裁杨年春，PingPong金融合伙人罗永龙，中建八局土木公司党建工作部（企业文化部）主任田丽婕，中建方程投资发展集团有限公司北京分公司副总经理于航，清华大学五道口金融学院金融安全研究中心总监周京，台州学院商学院副院长陈国栋，北京中医药大学人文学院副教授阎莉，丝路国际智库执行秘书长、丝路百科杂志社副理事长蒋涛，《2025年绿色发展报告》主编刘洋等，来自中国国际工程咨询公司、中富绿碳科技、四川绿色积分大数据研究院、泰中华商联合会、中国低碳网、中国产业发展促进会、安兴高科新能源、京东方能源等机构的负责人，以及瞭望周刊、中国绿色时报、中华合作时报、中国经济时报、中国社会科学网、人民论坛、中国文化报等新闻媒体和青年代表。
全国政协常委、教科卫体委员会副主任、《2025年绿色发展报告》编委会顾问尚勇，社会科学文献出版社总编辑耿显家，西南医科大学副校长、《2025年绿色发展报告》执行主编周翔宇分别致辞。
尚勇在致辞中回顾了党的十八大以来全国人民“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念的伟大实践和辉煌成就。“放眼今日960万平方公里的中华大地，绿色发展成为中国式现代化的主旋律，展现出蓝天碧水、绿水青山、秀美山川、城乡绿色发展的美丽中国壮丽画卷，14亿人民为生活在共同富裕、生态文明、安全健康的幸福家园而喜乐自豪。”
尚勇高度肯定了《2025年绿色发展报告》，指出这一智库成果反映了中国生态文明建设、绿色发展生动实践的精华，聚集了不同地区、行业、企业、个人参与生态文明建设的真实生动案例，向世界生动讲好中国生态文明故事，向国际社会展现绿水青山转化为金山银山的成功实践，展现人与自然和谐共生的现代化图景，共享中国的有益成功经验。这对推动习近平生态文明思想进一步走向世界，深入人心，共同推进绿色“一带一路”建设有着重要借鉴意义，特别是为广大发展中国家如何走绿色发展的现代化道路提供了有益的范例。
周翔宇表示，作为《2025年绿色发展报告》的研究编写单位，从安吉余村的矿山到泸州长江的碧波，从西南医大的实验室到成渝双城的科创走廊，“绿水青山就是金山银山”的理念已深深融入中国式现代化的血脉。当泸州张坝百年桂圆林迎来新一季丰收，当赤水河畔的金沙鲤鲈重现踪迹，我们愈加坚信：绿水青山既是自然财富，更是发展资本、民生福祉。让我们以此次报告发布为号角，以绿色为底色，以创新为画笔，共同书写人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化新篇章。
全国政协常委、教科卫体委员会副主任、《2025年绿色发展报告》编委会顾问尚勇，社会科学文献出版社总编辑耿显家，西南医科大学副校长、《2025年绿色发展报告》执行主编周翔宇，人民日报社《中国城市报》“碳”索之路组委会秘书长、《2025年绿色发展报告》副主编张超南，丝路国际智库执行秘书长、《2025年绿色发展报告》副主编蒋涛，《2025年绿色发展报告》主编刘洋共同为《2025年绿色发展报告》揭幕。
《2025年绿色发展报告》主编刘洋围绕“‘绿水青山就是金山银山’的中国实践、中国创新与中国方案”主题，介绍了《2025年绿色发展报告》重点内容、三大亮点特色及四大对策建议。
中国市场经济研究会原会长、中央党校马克思主义理论教研部原主任周为民，中国环境报社原总编辑刘树国，中华环保联合会副秘书长、《中华环境》杂志社社长李瑞东，PingPong金融合伙人罗永龙等多位专家进行了主题发言和成果点评，中建八局土木公司党建工作部（企业文化部）主任田丽婕、中建方程投资发展集团有限公司北京分公司副总经理于航、泛华集团副总裁杨年春、成渝地区双城经济圈研究院执行院长方宁进行了绿色发展案例分享，清华大学五道口金融学院金融安全研究中心总监周京、中建马来西亚有限公司综合办海外传播工作专员王文苑作为青年代表进行了分享交流。
《2025年绿色发展报告》诠释“绿水青山就是金山银山”
绿水逶迤去，青山相向开。在习近平生态文明思想的科学引领下，中国走出一条绿色发展的光明之路，天蓝、地绿、水净、人与自然和谐共生的美丽中国梦想正一步一步成为现实。在新时代新征程上，中国坚定不移走绿色、低碳、可持续发展之路，以中国智慧、中国担当、中国方案、中国行动推动世界走向生态文明新时代，必将为保护地球家园做出新的更大贡献。
总的来看，《2025年绿色发展报告》的编撰出版具有如下价值和意义。
1、廿年回顾，成果总结
“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念提出20年以来，中国将“美丽中国”纳入强国目标、“生态文明” 纳入“五位一体”总体布局、“人与自然和谐共生”纳入现代化方略、“绿色”纳入新发展理念、“污染防治”纳入三大攻坚战，坚定走绿色发展之路，并为发展中国家平衡经济发展和生态保护提供具有借鉴性、可操作性的中国方案。《2025年绿色发展报告》以习近平生态文明思想为指引，通过数据分析、现状总结、挑战梳理、对策建议等实证研究，形成以20年为研究视角且兼顾最新成效及战略目标的绿色发展智库成果，进一步丰富国内外有关智库成果体系。
2、引领示范，创新成果
在距离2035年基本实现社会主义现代化仅有十年的冲刺阶段，“十四五” 规划即将收官、“十五五”规划正在谋划的关键时期，“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念提出和践行20年的全新起点，结合党的二十届三中全会提出的“聚焦建设美丽中国，加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型，健全生态环境治理体系，推进生态优先、节约集约、绿色低碳发展，促进人与自然和谐共生” 的战略部署，《2025年绿色发展报告》总结“绿水青山就是金山银山”的中国实践、中国创新与中国方案，提出对策建议和未来展望，为国内外政用产学研各界及广大读者提供绿色高质量发展的路径指南、决策参考和理论依据。
3、决策参考，谋划未来
面对百年未有之大变局，《2025年绿色发展报告》充分把握绿色发展的全球趋势，结合问题导向、战略导向、需求导向、创新导向，围绕制度机制建设、生态环境保护、国土空间治理、绿色低碳转型、绿色国际合作等五大领域和若干热点专题，开创性开展中国绿色发展的顶层设计、实践创新、典型案例等实证研究，打磨、推出一批高质量、具有国际影响力智库成果，为中国绿色发展鼓劲发声，讲好绿色发展中国故事，围绕成果编撰、出版、发布、传播、研讨、活动、项目等系列工作推进，进而打造绿色发展的 “全球智库＋产学研用合作平台”。
绿色发展成就图片展呈现践行“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念的标杆案例
本次会议同期举办了“绿水青山就是金山银山”重要理念提出20周年绿色发展成就图片展。丝路国际智库在组织编撰《2025年绿色发展报告》的同时，面向社会公开征集体现中国绿色发展伟大成就的典型案例图片，得到了政产学研各界机构和专业人士的广泛参与。通过征集的上千张照片中遴选出32张具有特色和代表性的图片，彩印在《2025年绿色发展报告》（中英文版），以及在北京、曼谷等城市展出。
“绿水青山就是金山银山”重要理念提出20周年绿色发展成就图片展吸纳北京永定河、杭州湘湖、雄安新区白洋淀、武汉东湖、湖南华洪运河、无锡太湖等河湖生态治理，贵州梵净山、江西武功山明月山等生物多样性保护，辽宁营口海湾、大连金石滩黄金海岸、北海市滨海国家湿地公园等海洋生态保护和美丽海湾建设，兴安岭南麓乌兰毛都草原、河北省塞罕坝机械林场、鄂尔多斯、锡林郭勒苏尼特右旗等草原、沙漠沙地生态修复，成都彭州海窝子古镇、简阳公园城市、南京溧水区曹庄村、石家庄鹿泉区东土门村、临沧临翔区南美拉祜族乡多依村、通昭阳区永丰镇、泸州护国镇德红村红岩子茶园等美丽城镇与和美乡村建设，北京冬奥村和国家雪车雪橇中心“雪游龙”、北京城市副中心·城市绿心公园、中资企业建设的埃及新行政首都中央商务区项目等绿色能源应用，苏州工业园区、长寿经济技术开发区等产业园区绿色低碳转型的典型案例。32张图片一览生态环境保护、构建绿色发展空间、绿色低碳转型、绿色国际合作的中国绿色发展波澜壮阔的诗篇。
《2025年绿色发展报告》建言共建人与自然生命共同体
绿色是生命的象征、大自然的底色，良好生态环境是美好生活的基础、人民共同的期盼。绿色发展是顺应自然、促进人与自然和谐共生的发展，是用最少资源环境代价取得最大经济社会效益的发展，是高质量、可持续的发展，已经成为各国普遍共识。在习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想指引下，中国坚持绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，坚定不移走生态优先、绿色发展之路，促进经济社会发展全面绿色转型，建设人与自然和谐共生的现代化，创造举世瞩目的生态奇迹和绿色发展奇迹。作为世界上最大的发展中国家，中国秉持人类命运共同体理念，坚定践行多边主义，提出全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议，深化务实合作，积极参与全球环境与气候治理，为共建清洁美丽地球家园贡献中国 智慧、中国力量。
绿色低碳转型是一场广泛而深刻的经济社会系统性变革，是一项长期的战略性任务，需要在新时代新战略的指引下稳中求进、久久为功。中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会擘画中国未来发展蓝图，描绘绿水长流、青山常在、空气常新的美丽中国画卷。《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革 推进中国式现代化的决定》提出，聚焦建设美丽中国，加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型，健全生态环境治理体系，推进生态优先、节约集约、绿色低碳发展，促进人与自然和谐共生。
为此，《2025年绿色发展报告》提出如下四大建议：
一是进一步推进高水平生态环境保护。接续打好蓝天保卫战，确保工业企业全面稳定达标排放，强化挥发性有机物和扬尘污染综合治理，督促空气质量未达标的县区编制实施大气环境质量限期达标方案，继续推进PM2.5和臭氧协同控制，在跨省毗邻地区建立空气治理改善先行示范区。接续打好碧水保卫战，统筹好上下游、左右岸、干支流、城市和乡村，实施“一河（湖）一策”，充分发挥河（湖）长制作用，强化溯源整治、截污控源和污水（泥）资源化利用，落实地表水与地下水协同防治，持续打好长江保护修复攻坚战、黄河生态保护治理攻坚战，健全横向流域生态保护补偿机制。健全陆海统筹、多方共治的海洋生态环境治理体系，以沿海乡镇为单元持续开展入海排污口“查、测、溯、治”，实施渔港“一港一策”污染防治，推广生态健康养殖模式，建设数据共享的涉海工程项目和海洋倾废监督系统，实施海湾、河口、岸滩等区域塑料垃圾专项清理行动。将“无废城市”建设纳入乡镇（街道）、村（社区）等基层部门污染防治攻坚战考核内容，依法依规将固体废物产生、利用、处置纳入企业信用评价体系，推广绿色建材和建筑垃圾再生利用产品，推动生活垃圾分类网点与废旧物资回收网点“两网融合”，建设危险废物环境监管“五全”体系。
二是进一步优化绿色发展空间格局。构建以自然资源合理利用为导向的国土空间保护开发新格局，开展国土空间规划实施监测评估，确保现状耕地应划尽划、应保尽保，发展多中心、组团式的城市空间形态，引导中小城市紧凑布局，推进全域土地综合整治，建设宜居宜业和美乡村。统筹推进山水林田湖草沙海一体化保护修复，科学部署、持续实施山水工程，分类有序推进绿色矿山建设，以“陆海统筹+江海联动+一湾（岛）一策”推进美丽海湾建设。健全生物多样性调查、监测、评估和保护体系。制定国家公园法，推进国家公园治沙、治水、治山全要素治理。推广沙障治沙、光伏治沙、覆膜保水、灌木截秆等沙漠治理先进技术，宣传弘扬“三北精神”、塞罕坝精神。建立县域生态资源数据库和生态产品清单，引导自然资源资产确权登记、设权赋能、布局合理和配置高效，创新自然资源权益交易、生态产品抵押贷款、生态保护补偿、自然资源资产损害赔偿、自然资源资产账户、绿色产品期货期权、绿色保险等价值实现路径。
三是进一步推进绿色低碳转型高质量发展。将绿色理念和节约要求融入文明公约、企业规章、团体章程等经济社会规则，形成崇尚生态文明的浓郁社会氛围。引导中小企业执行绿色采购指南，将碳足迹要求纳入公共部门采购，推动规上企业建立绿色供应链。推动地方政府、市场主体发放权益型绿色消费券、绿色积分，鼓励消费者购买和“以旧换新”绿色商品。重点区域同步实施煤炭消费总量控制、散煤替代和清洁能源发展，推进二氧化碳捕集利用与封存项目建设，统筹水电开发和生态保护，推进水风光一体化开发，积极发展分布式光伏、分散式风电，推动氢能“制储输用”全链条发展，加强清洁能源基地、调节性资源和输电通道的衔接协同，加快微电网、虚拟电厂、源网荷储一体化项目等智能电网建设。促进传统产业普及推广清洁生产技术装备，健全落后产能退出机制。以科技创新、绿色智造和制造服务为驱动，融合发展战略性新兴产业、高技术产业、节能环保产业、现代高效农业和现代服务业。鼓励合同能源管理、合同节水管理、环境污染第三方治理、碳排放管理等创新发展。加强绿色低碳技术知识产权创造、保护、运用。引导互联网平台绿色低碳发展，带动上下游市场主体提高减碳能力。推动绿色金融产品服务创新。
四是进一步推进高水平绿色国际合作。推动在双边、多边合作中落实全球发展倡议，支持发展中国家政府部门、社会组织、公益机构、智库等参与“一带一路 ”绿色发展国际联盟、绿色低碳专家网络。全面落实应对气候变化国际合作项目，建立青年群体广泛参与的全球气候治理体系。推动公益组织、行业商协会设立绿色发展专业机构，开展人文活动、政策解读、业务咨询、人才培训、成果展览、权益维护等公共服务。办好“一带一路”绿色创新大会，在广交会、进博会、服贸会、数博会等国际展会机制下举办绿色发展主题的对话交流、创新大赛、项目路演等活动。建设光伏产业对话交流机制。支持发展中国家科学家、企业家、创业者参与环境技术交流与转移基地、绿色技术示范推广基地、“一带一路 ”联合实验室、“一带一路 ”技术转移中心等项目合作。扩大绿色丝路使者计划的教育培训、项目合作等服务质效，引导中国高校增加生态环境相关专业的留学生培养规模，帮助发展中国家高校、科研院所搭建绿色发展人才培养体系。发挥丝路国际智库等新型智库作用，总结、传播和推广绿色发展中国经验，讲好绿色发展中国故事。
Press release
China's Practice, Innovation, and Solutions for "Lucid Waters and Lush Mountains Are Invaluable Assets": The 2025 Green Development Report was released in Beijing and Bangkok.
In 2005, Xi Jinping, then Secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, first proposed theconcept that “Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets” in Yucun, charting a course for the villages transformation from a “ quarrying-based economy” to a “ green economy” , while providing theoretical support for the nationwide construction of ecological civilization.This theory(“Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”) elevates environmental protection from a “cost burden” to a “strategic asset” and profoundly reveals the dialectical relationship between ecological protection and economic development. It forms a green development perspective of “unswervingly following the path of ecological priority and green development, promoting comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, and accelerate the advancemen of modernization featuring harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature”, becoming the most classic proposition of Xi Jinping’s ecological civilization thought.
To implement Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization and the guiding principles of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, the Silk Road International Think Tank, Southwest Medical University, and Silk Road Encyclopedia (Magazine) jointly established an editorial committee to compile and publish the 2025 Green Development Report (a 755,000-word Chinese-English edition). On August 15, 2025, the report was released simultaneously in Beijing and Bangkok, alongside a symposium commemorating the 20th anniversary of the concept "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets." The event included report launches, expert speeches, case recommendations, social networking, and collaborative matchmaking activities.
2025 Green Development Report Think Tank Achievements Interpreting “Lucid Waters and Lush Mountains Are Invaluable Assets”
Lucid waters meander away, lush mountains open in array. Under the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping's Thought on Ecological Civilization, China has forged a bright path of green development, and the dream of a beautiful China with blue skies, green land, clean water, and harmony between humans and nature is becoming reality step by step. In the new era and new journey, China unswervingly follows the path of green, low-carbon, and sustainable development. Chinese wisdom, Chinese responsibility, Chinese solutions, and Chinese actions are propelling the world toward a new era of ecological civilization and will make new and greater contributions to protecting our Earth home.
Overall, the 2025 Green Development Report has the following value and significance.
1.Twenty-Year Review and Achievements Summary
In the twenty years since the concept that “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets” was proposed, China has incorporated “the Beautiful China Initiative” into its goal of building a great modern socialist country, “ecological civilization” into the “five-sphere integrated plan”, “harmony between humans and nature” into its modernization approach, “green” into the new development concept, and “pollution prevention and control” into the three critical battles. China has firmly followed the path of green development and provided developing countries with a Chinese solution for balancing economic development and ecological protection that is both referenceable and operational. Guided by Xi Jinping's Thought on Ecological Civilization leading the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind, 2025 Green Development Report forms think tank achievements on green development with a 20-year research perspective, while also considering the latest results and strategic goals through data analysis, status summaries, challenge identification, and countermeasure suggestions. This further enriches the system of relevant think tank achievements at home and abroad.
2.Leadership, Demonstration, and Innovative Achievements
At the sprint stage with only ten years remaining until the basic realization of socialist modernization by 2035, at the critical period when the 14th Five-Year Plan is about to conclude and the 15th Five-Year Plan is waiting to be planned, at the new starting point of the 20th anniversary of the proposal and practice of the concept that “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”, and in combination with the strategic deployment proposed by the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee to “focus on building a beautiful China, accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, improve the ecological environment governance system, promote ecological priority, economical and intensive use, and green and low-carbon development, and promote harmony between humans and nature”,this report summarizes the Chinese practice, Chinese innovation, and Chinese solutions of “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”, proposes countermeasures and future prospects, and provides a pathway guide, decisionmaking reference, and theoretical basis for green high-quality development for Chinese and international political, industrial, academic, research, investment, media sectors, and readers at large.
3.Decision-Making and Future Planning References
Facing the unprecedented changes in a century, this report fully grasps the global trends of green development and, combining problem-oriented, strategy-oriented, demand-oriented, and innovation-oriented approaches, focuses on five major areas—institutional mechanism construction, ecological environmental protection, territorial space governance, green and low-carbon transformation, and green international cooperation and several hot topics. It conducts pioneering empirical research on the top-level design, practical innovation, and typical cases of China's green development, polishes and launches a batch of high-quality think tank achievements with international influence, cheers for China's green development, tells the Chinese story of green development well, and advances a series of work on achievement compilation, publication, release, dissemination, discussion, activities, and projects, thereby building a “global think tank + industry-academia-research-application cooperation platform” for green development.
2025 Green Development Report: Proposing Building a Community of Life Between Humans and Nature
Green is the symbol of life and the background color of nature. A good ecological environment is the foundation of a good life and the common aspiration of the people. Green development is development that conforms to nature and promotes harmony between humans and nature. It achieves maximum economic and social benefits at the minimum cost to resources and the environment. It is high-quality, sustainable development and has become a consensus among countries. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, China adheres to the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, firmly follows the path of ecological priority and green development, promotes the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, builds modernization featuring harmony between humans and nature, and creates world-renowned ecological and green development miracles. As the world's largest developing country, China upholds the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, firmly practices multilateralism, proposes the Global Development Initiative and Global Security Initiative, deepens practical cooperation, actively participates in global environmental and climate governance, and contributes Chinese wisdom and
strength to building a clean and beautiful earth home.
Green and low-carbon transformation is a broad and profound systemic
change in the economy and society and a long-term strategic task that requires steady progress and persistent efforts under the guidance of new era strategies. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has outlined the blueprint for China's future development, depicting a beautiful China with flowing clear waters, permanent green mountains, and fresh air. The “Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Advancing Chinese Modernization” proposes focusing on building a beautiful China, accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, improving the ecological environment governance system, promoting ecological priority, economical and intensive use, and green and low-carbon development, and promoting the harmonious coexistence of humans and nature.
To this end, the following four major recommendations are proposed by 2025 Green Development Report:
First, further promote high-level ecological environmental protection. Continue to implement the blue sky defense battle, ensure that industrial enterprises fully and stably meet emission standards, strengthen comprehensive management of volatile organic compounds and dust pollution, supervise counties and districts where air quality has not reached standards to formulate time-limited air quality improvement plans, continue to promote coordinated control of PM2.5 and ozone, and establish air treatment improvement demonstration zones in cross-provincial adjacent areas. Continue the battle for clear waters, coordinate upstream and downstream, left and right banks, main and tributary streams, cities and rural areas, implement “one river (lake) one policy ”, fully leverage the river (lake) chief system, strengthen source tracing and rectification, sewage interception and source control, and resource utilization of sewage (sludge) , implement coordinated prevention and control of surface water and groundwater, continue to fight the battle for Yangtze River protection and restoration and the battle for Yellow River ecological protection and governance, and improve cross-regional watershed ecological protection compensation mechanisms. Improve the marine ecological environment governance system integrating land and sea with multi-party governance, continuously carry out “investigation, measurement, tracing, and treatment” of sewage outlets entering the sea with coastal townships as units, implement “one port one policy” pollution prevention and control for fishing ports, promote ecological and healthy aquaculture models, build a data-sharing supervision system for marine engineering projects and marine waste disposal, and implement special plastic garbage cleanup actions in areas such as bays, estuaries, and shores. Incorporate “waste-free city” construction into the assessment content of pollution prevention and control campaigns for townships (subdistricts) , villages (communities) , and other grassroots departments, legally include solid waste generation, utilization, and disposal in the corporate credit evaluation system, promote green building materials and construction waste recycling products, promote the “integration of two networks” between household waste classification points and waste material recycling points, and build a “five-complete” environmental supervision system for hazardous waste.
Second, further optimize the spatial layout of green development. Construct a new pattern of national land space development and protection oriented toward the rational use of natural resources, carry out monitoring and evaluation of national land space planning implementation, ensure that current arable land is classified and protected as much as possible, develop multi-center, group-style urban spatial forms, guide compact layouts for small and medium-sized cities, promote comprehensive land remediation across the territory, and build beautiful villages suitable for living and working. Coordinate the integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, deserts, and seas, scientifically deploy and continuously implement landscape engineering, promote the construction of green mines in a classified and orderly manner, advance the construction of beautiful bays with “land-sea coordination+ river-sea linkage + one bay (island ) one policy ”, improve the biodiversity survey, monitoring, assessment, and protection system, enact the National Park Law, facilitate comprehensive governance of deserts, water bodies, and mountains, promote advanced technologies such as barrier desertification control, photovoltaic desertification control, film covering for water conservation, and shrub cutting, publicize and carry forward the “Three-North” Spirit and Saihanba Spirit. Establish county-level ecological resource databases and ecological product inventories, guide the confirmation of rights, empowerment, rational layout, and efficient allocation of natural resource assets, innovate value realization pathways such as natural resource rights trading, ecological product mortgage loans, ecological protection compensation, natural resource asset damage compensation, natural resource asset accounts, green product futures options, and green insurance.
Third, further promote high-quality development of green and low-carbon transformation. Integrate green concepts and conservation requirements into economic and social rules such as civilization conventions, enterprise regulations, and group charters to form a strong social atmosphere that values ecological civilization. Guide small and medium-sized enterprises to implement green procurement guidelines, incorporate carbon footprint requirements into public sector procurement, and promote the establishment of green supply chains by enterprises above designated size. Encourage local governments and market entities to issue green consumption vouchers and green credits, encouraging consumers to purchase green products and participate in “ trade-in” programs. Synchronously implement coal consumption control, scattered coal replacement, and clean energy development in key regions, promote the construction of carbon dioxide capture, utilization, and storage projects, coordinate hydropower development and ecological protection, promote integrated development of water, wind, and solar power, actively develop distributed photovoltaic and dispersed wind power, promote the development of the entire “production, storage, transportation, and use” chain for hydrogen energy, strengthen the connection and coordination of clean energy bases, regulatory resources, and transmission channels, and accelerate the construction of smart grid projects such as microgrids, virtual power plants, and source-grid-load-storage integration. Promote the universal adoption of clean production technologies and equipment in traditional industries and improve the exit mechanism for backward production capacity. Driven by technological innovation, green intelligent manufacturing, and manufacturing services, integrate the development of strategic emerging industries, high-tech industries, energy conservation and environmental protection industries, modern efficient agriculture, and modern service industries. Encourage the innovative development of energy management contracting, water conservation management contracting, third-party environmental pollution treatment, carbon emission management, and other innovative services. Strengthen the creation, protection, and application of intellectual property rights for green and low-carbon technologies. Guide the green and low-carbon development of internet platforms, leading upstream and downstream market entities to improve their carbon reduction capabilities. Promote innovation in green finance products and services.
Fourth, further promote high-level green international cooperation. Promote the implementation of the Global Development Initiative in bilateral and multilateral cooperation, support the participation of government departments, social organizations, public welfare institutions, and think tanks from developing countries in the “Belt and Road” Green Development International Coalition and green low-carbon expert networks. Comprehensively implement international cooperation projects addressing climate change and establish a global climate governance system with broad youth participation. Promote the establishment of specialized green development institutions by public welfare organizations and industry associations to provide public services such as cultural activities, policy interpretation, business consulting, talent training, achievement exhibitions, and rights protection. Successfully host the “Belt and Road” Green Innovation Conference, and organize dialogue exchanges, innovation competitions, project roadshows, and other activities under international exhibition mechanisms such as the Canton Fair, China International Import Expo, China International Fair for Trade in Services, and China International Big Data Industry Expo. Build a dialogue and exchange mechanism for the photovoltaic industry. Support scientists, entrepreneurs, and innovators from developing countries in participating in project cooperation such as environmental technology exchange and transfer bases, green technology demonstration and promotion bases, “Belt and Road” joint laboratories, and “Belt and Road” technology transfer centers. Expand the educational training, project cooperation, and other service qualities of the Green Silk Road Envoys Program, guide Chinese universities to increase the scale of international student training in ecological environment-related majors, help universities and research institutes in developing countries build green development talent training systems. Leverage the role of new-type think tanks such as Silk Road International Think Tank to summarize, disseminate, and promote China's green development experience and tell China's green development story well.